Different between type 1 and type 2 diabetes and variants Assistant: Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are distinct autoimmune disorders that affect how the body regulates blood sugar. Here’s a breakdown of the key differences: *
**Type 1 Diabetes:** *
**Cause:** Autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. *
**Insulin Production:** Little to no insulin production. *
**Onset:** Typically develops in childhood or adolescence, but can occur at any age. *
**Risk Factors:** Genetic predisposition and environmental triggers. *
**Treatment:** Insulin injections or insulin pump therapy are essential for survival. *
**Type 2 Diabetes:** *
**Cause:** Insulin resistance (cells don’t respond properly to insulin) and progressive decline in insulin secretion. *
**Insulin Production:** Initially, the pancreas may produce enough insulin, but over time, it may not be enough to overcome insulin resistance. *
**Onset:** Usually develops in adulthood, but increasingly seen in children and adolescents due to rising obesity rates. *
**Risk Factors:** Obesity, physical inactivity, family history, age, ethnicity. *
**Treatment:** Lifestyle modifications (diet and exercise), oral medications, and/or insulin may be needed. *
**Variants:** *
**Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA):** Sometimes called “Type 1.5 diabetes,” it’s a slower-progressing form of autoimmune diabetes that occurs in adults. It’s often misdiagnosed as type 2 diabetes initially.
* **Monogenic Diabetes Syndromes:** These are rare forms of diabetes caused by mutations in a single gene. They can be inherited and may present differently from type 1 or type 2 diabetes. *
**Gestational Diabetes:** Develops during pregnancy due to hormonal changes that can lead to insulin resistance. It usually resolves after delivery, but increases the risk of type 2 diabetes later in life. *
**Secondary Diabetes:** Diabetes caused by another medical condition, such as cystic fibrosis, pancreatitis, or certain medications (e.g., corticosteroids).
Context: [Full text of _Harrison's Internal Medicine 2022, 21th Edition Vol 1 & Vol 2_#page=45755] in type 2 DM.... [diabetic_standards-of-care-2025] type 1 diabetes). Type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes are heterogeneous diseases in which clinical presentation and disease progression may vary considerably. Classification is important for determining personalized therapy, but some individuals cannot be clearly classified as having type 1 or type 2 ... [Full text of _Harrison's Internal Medicine 2022, 21th Edition Vol 1 & Vol 2_#page=45525] @ ATYPICAL DIABETES It is increasingly recognized that some forms of diabetes have features of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. These are distinct from monogenic forms (MODY) as they have not been linked to single gene defects. The development of a type 2 diabetes phenotype before puberty and ...
Source Document: Full text of _Harrison's Internal Medicine 2022, 21th Edition Vol 1 & Vol 2_#page=45525
Full text of _Harrison's Internal Medicine 2022, 21th Edition Vol 1 & Vol 2_#page=45755
diabetic_standards-of-care-2025